Instalasi WordPress di Ubuntu 20.04

21 March 2021 Linux

Instalasi

apt update
apt upgrade

Install Apache

apt install apache2

(preview) yang terinstall

apache2-bin/focal-updates,focal-security,now 2.4.41-4ubuntu3.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
apache2-data/focal-updates,focal-security,now 2.4.41-4ubuntu3.1 all [installed,automatic]
apache2-utils/focal-updates,focal-security,now 2.4.41-4ubuntu3.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
apache2/focal-updates,focal-security,now 2.4.41-4ubuntu3.1 amd64 [installed]
libapache2-mod-php7.4/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libapache2-mod-php/focal,now 2:7.4+75 all [installed]

Install PHP

sudo apt -y install php7.4

(preview) yang terinstall

libapache2-mod-php7.4/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libapache2-mod-php/focal,now 2:7.4+75 all [installed]
php-common/focal,now 2:75 all [installed,automatic]
php-mysql/focal,now 2:7.4+75 all [installed]
php7.4-cli/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php7.4-common/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php7.4-json/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php7.4-mysql/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php7.4-opcache/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php7.4-readline/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php7.4/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.4 all [installed,automatic]
php/focal,now 2:7.4+75 all [installed]

Install extension/module

sudo apt -y install php7.4-common php7.4-mysql php7.4-xml php7.4-xmlrpc php7.4-curl php7.4-gd php7.4-imagick php7.4-cli php7.4-dev php7.4-imap php7.4-mbstring php7.4-opcache php7.4-soap php7.4-zip php7.4-cli php7.4-intl imagemagick git unzip zip libgd-dev libapache2-mod-php libphp-adodb

Pengujian web server dan php

Buat sebuah file html

nano /var/www/html/test.html

Masukkan ini kedalamnya

Test html berjalan dengan baik

Buat sebuah file php untuk melihat informasi versi php yang dipakai

nano /var/www/html/info.php

Masukkan ini kedalamnya

<?php phpinfo( ); ?>

Lalu akses IP server menggunakan web browser

192.168.200.2/test.hml
192.168.200.2/info.php

Hasil yang keluar kurang lebih seperti ini:

test.html

Konfigurasi

Membuat virtual host (optional jika tidak ingin menginstall di direktori default apache (/var/www/html))

*Pastikan DNS sudah diarahkan ke IP server tujuan

Membuat direktori untuk virtual host (Host block)

mkdir /var/www/namadomain.com

Mengubah kepemilikan dan perizinan direktori

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/namadomain.com
chmod -R 775 namadomain.com/

Membuat file konfigurasi virtual host

cd /etc/apache2/sites-available/
nano namadomain.com.conf

Masukkan ini kedalamnya

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName namadomain.com
    ServerAlias www.namadomain.com
    ServerAdmin [email protected]
    DocumentRoot /var/www/namadomain.com

    <Directory /var/www/namadomain.com>
        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/namadomain.com-error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/namadomain.com-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Mengaktifkan konfigurasi

sudo a2ensite namadomain.com.conf

Pastikan didalam direktori /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ sudah terdapat file konfigurasi namadomain.com.conf

ls /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

Jika belum ada buat symlink (symbolic link) file /etc/apache2/sites-available/namadomain.com.conf ke /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/namadomain.com.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

Cek syntax, apakah ada error/kesalahan penulisan

sudo apachectl configtest

Pastikan output yang keluar

Syntax OK

Restart apache

sudo systemctl restart apache2

Pengujian virtual host

Buat sebuah file html lalu simpan didalam direktori virtual host

nano /var/www/namadomain.com/test.html

Masukkan ini kedalamnya

Selamat virtual host namadomain.com berhasil dibuat

Buat sebuah file php untuk melihat informasi versi php yang dipakai

nano /var/www/html/info.php

Masukkan ini kedalamnya

<?php phpinfo( ); ?>

Lalu akses menggunakan web browser

namadomain.com/test.hml
namadomain.com/info.php

Hasil yang keluar kurang lebih seperti ini:

tes.html
info.php

Instalasi wordpress

Unduh source wordpress di situs resmi wordpress.org menggunakan wget atau browser

wget https://id.wordpress.org/latest-id_ID.tar.gz

pindahkan file source wordpress ke /var/www/html/

mv filewordpress.tar.gz /var/www/namadomain.com/

extract file wordpress yang di download tadi

tar xf /var/www/namadomain.com/filewordpress.tar.gz

ubah kepemilikan directory yang sudah di extract tadi

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/namadomain.com

ubah permission/izin

chmod -R 775 /var/www/namadomain.com

Instalasi dan konfigurasi database

Install MariaDB (Alternatif MySQL)

sudo apt install mariadb-server

Konfigurasi

mysql_secure_installation

Jika muncul pertanyaan

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

Tekan enter

Jika muncul pertanyaan

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y

Jawab Y enter, lalu masukkan password root mysql baru

Jika muncul pertanyaan

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y

Jawab Y

Jika muncul pertanyaan

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y

Jawab Y

Jika muncul pertanyaan

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y

Jawab Y

Jika muncul pertanyaan

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y

Jawab Y

Jika muncul pertanyaan

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

Jawab Y

Membuat database untuk wordpress

Masuk/login kedalam mysql

mysql -u root -pkatasandi

Membuat database wordpress

create database namadbwordpress;

Membuat user untuk mengelola database wordpress

CREATE USER 'namauser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'katasandi';

Mengizinkan user untuk mengelola database wordpress

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON namadbwordpress.* TO 'namauser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Setup

http://namadomain/wordpress/readme.html

atau, jika instalasi wordpress diluar folder wordpress

http://namadomain.com/readme.html

setup database

seuaikan dan isikan user database sesuai dengan akun yang telah kita buat saat mempersiapkan database di mysql

prefix database: wp_

Lanjutkan dan selesai